The Committee for Lorne: Swirls on the surface of the ocean

With John Agar – Committee for Lorne.

I have always been intrigued by the swirls on the surface of the ocean that can be seen and highlighted in certain lights out beyond the break in an otherwise seemingly calm sea. What causes them? Why are they there and in that particular spot? What hidden currents tug and twist on the surface—or far below—to create these fantastical patterns? Albeit my photographic skills are limited to the Box Brownie (a 1900 Kodak invention that revolutionized photography for the masses and finally ceased production in 1986: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodak_Brownie), the accompanying photo, taken from my deck, does highlight some of the surface patina of Louttit Bay.

While the reason for these ever-changing surface patterns is complex, they are underpinned by the constant motion of the ocean. In the explanation below, I have shamelessly paraphrased an excellent article at encyclopedia.com (you can read more here – https://tinyurl.com/568h39cm) to distil some of its key points:

“Ocean currents result from complex combinations of both horizontal and vertical water movement that circulate and mix the ocean water and produce a steady flow of water in a prevailing direction. Ocean currents distribute heat around the globe and help to regulate Earth’s climate, even on land—as we have come to better understand the impacts of El Niño and La Niña to our Pacific east, the Indian Ocean Dipole to our west, and the mighty Southern Ocean weather engine to our south.’

“Currents carry and recycle nutrients that nourish marine and coastal plants and animals. Navigators have depended on currents to carry their ships across the oceans for centuries. Winds drive surface water currents while, deep in the ocean, differences in temperature and salinity (saltiness) cause the water to mix and circulate. The rotation of the Earth, the shape of the seafloor, and the shapes of coastlines also influence the complex pattern of surface and deep ocean currents.’

Like the atmosphere above us, ocean water is layered. Shallow surface water is warmer, fresher, and lighter, while deep water is colder, saltier, and denser. When conditions allow, cooler, deeper water rises to the surface while the warmer water on the surface sinks, setting up local eddies or, at a global level, current systems [or gyres].”

Several simple experiments can help us understand how water mixes and shapes itself. Watch how hidden currents form and mix when a drop of red cochineal is dropped onto the surface of a glass of water: how it drifts and swirls into the water below as the colored dye spreads. Watch the movement of the water in a saucepan as it slowly comes to a boil and as bubbles of a different temperature rise and deform the surface. Watch as a southerly change sweeps in and agitates the surface water into whitecaps beyond Point Grey. Watch as water, pushed by winds that are often far away, slowly builds into visible ‘sets’ of waves [the surfers’ dream] as the faster-moving water above is retarded by an increasingly shallow sea bottom near the shore.

Water doesn’t just sit there, motionless—it is constantly moving and changing right before our eyes. You will find several fun experiments on YouTube if you want to demonstrate some simple principles to your children or grandchildren. Just enter “simple experiments to explain ocean currents” into your browser.

As any regular ocean [or freshwater lake] swimmer will know, it is common to encounter marked and sudden temperature changes in the water—often within a meter or so and without any visible warning—where warm turns to cold, or vice versa. Ocean swimmers will also understand the influence of hidden currents. Regular Pier-to-Pub swimmers commonly complain of the sensation of slow progress from the start at the pier to level with the hospital and then, from there, ‘steaming in’ to the beach. This is because the swimmer must swim against a hidden outflowing current at the start, but when carried shoreward with the inward wash in the second half, will suddenly find the going much easier. Wily swimmers who daily swim the course learn to use these currents: when swimming in from the pier, they will give a wide berth to the water closest to the rocks at the first point, for there lurks the outflowing rip that surfers use to return to their take-off point for their point waves. This rip current would work against them and not for them, making the required effort all the greater. For ocean swimmers, understanding local ocean currents can make a big difference.

For a far more spectacular and obvious example, it is hard to go past the Whirlpool at Corryvechan: a force of nature off the west coast of Scotland between the islands of Jura and Scarba. There, the water eddies and swirls into a maelstrom as strong tidal flows reach 8.5 knots [16 km/h], and the water is whipped into standing waves as high as 9 meters.

The atmosphere and oceans work together …” the atmospheric winds drive the circulation of the thin upper layer of ocean surface water, while in turn, these winds are generated by temperature differences at the ocean surface beneath help to generate atmospheric winds.

On a global level, as the spherical Earth rotates eastward, the water currents to the north and south of the equator ‘bend’ towards their respective poles … to the right [clockwise] in the northern hemisphere and to the left [anti-clockwise] in the southern hemisphere. For those with a more global view, this is called the Coriolis effect.

While the French mathematician Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis, [for whom the effect is named] did not describe this phenomenon until the mid-1800s, early seafarers were well aware that some mysterious force bore their ships across the oceans, even if they did not then fully understand how.

Talk of the ‘Coriolis effect’ today, and most will think of the still active debate over the direction that water spirals down the plughole to the north and south of the equator [see: https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,5753,-20326,00.html] … but this is all for a different day.

For now and for me, it is enough to be captivated by the shimmering, silvered beauty of the swirling ocean of Louttit Bay and to try to understand a little [but not too much] about the physics and chemistry of the forces that create them.

Lastly, let me throw out a challenge to the many excellent photographers along our coastline: my photo is so rankly amateur that I am ashamed to have attached it. Please, watch the ocean, choose your light, take your shots, and then post your best ‘Swirls upon the Ocean’ photos on the One and Only Lorne Community Noticeboard. I, for one, can’t wait to see them.

A word from the Chairman – John Higgins.

Hello,

A couple of weeks ago on this page, Pete Spring wrote about the Apollo Bay Fishing Co-op’s 75th birthday celebration and recommended a YouTube documentary that chronicles the Co-op’s history and evolution. You can watch the documentary at https://tinyurl.com/apollocoop.

Pete highlighted the parallels between the Apollo Bay Fishing Co-op and the Lorne co-op, sparking consideration for how the history and significance of the Lorne co-op should be honored and remembered in the Point Grey redevelopment.

As we move into the next phase of planning and development, our community holds a deep appreciation for the history and heritage of this cherished location. Recognizing our history is crucial, as we strive to leave a meaningful legacy in our wake.

The documentary also delves into the construction of the Great Ocean Road. While many are familiar with its history, it’s worth reflecting on the road’s immense importance to our coastal communities and the tourism industry that now drives our economies. The planners, engineers, and dedicated servicemen who painstakingly carved the road out of solid rock deserve our utmost respect and admiration.

Next time you find yourself waiting at a stop/go signal, admiring the skilled Geovert gymnasts navigating rock faces, or witnessing the powerful machinery shaping the landscape, take a moment to remember the hands that built this monumental road and the world’s largest war memorial.

On the subject of aging and wellness, it’s crucial to prioritize our health. In Lorne, there are abundant opportunities for people of all ages to stay active, from walking and hiking to swimming, cycling, and fishing. If you’re looking to get in shape for spring, now is the time to start planning – only three weeks remain!

Lastly, turning to a lighter note, language changes can sometimes amuse us. Over the weekend, while watching a surf carnival at the beach, a particular announcement caught our attention. The “Under 12 Female Ironperson” event prompted a wry smile, highlighting the humorous side of evolving language.

Cheers,

John Higgins – Committee for Lorne Chairman.

Lorne Ward Events Calendar.

August 16 Lorne Bowls Club Live Music, Fred Leone – Yirimi Gundir Launch Party

Join us for an unforgettable evening of live music at the Lorne Bowls Club! The spotlight shines on Fred Leone as he launches his mesmerizing album, “Yirimi Gundir.” Doors will swing open at 5pm, setting the stage for an evening filled with musical enchantment. The melodies kick off at 6pm, promising a night to remember. Don’t miss this opportunity to immerse yourself in the captivating world of music.

For more details and to secure your spot, visit our event page at www.trybooking.com/events/landing/1091657.

August 19 Wonderfalls Trail Run

Calling all trail running enthusiasts! Brace yourself for an exhilarating adventure at the Wonderfalls Trail Run. This event caters to runners of all levels, offering a variety of distances to choose from: 5km, 13km, 25km, 42km, and 52km. The picturesque Cumberland River Holiday Park serves as the starting point for this incredible journey. Lace up your running shoes and get ready to conquer the trails!

To learn more and register, visit trailsplus.com.au/wonderfalls.

August 19 Lorne Dolphins Football and Netball V Colac Imperials

Sports aficionados, mark your calendars! The Lorne Dolphins Football and Netball teams are gearing up to take on the Colac Imperials in an action-packed showdown. The day kicks off with a juniors match at 9am at the Stribling Reserve. The excitement continues as the seniors hit the field at 2pm. Cheer for your favorite teams and revel in the thrill of the game!

September 3 Run the Marsh

Embrace the outdoors with the Run the Marsh event. Choose from a 3km walk or partake in the 2km and 5km fun runs, all set against the scenic backdrop of Frogwood Arboretum in Deans Marsh. Lace up your sneakers and join fellow fitness enthusiasts for a morning of invigorating activity. Registration is available at deansmarsh.org.au.

September 10 Amy’s Gran Fondo

Calling all cycling enthusiasts! Prepare to pedal through the breathtaking landscapes along the iconic Great Ocean Road at Amy’s Gran Fondo. This cycling event promises an unforgettable experience for riders of all levels. Whether you’re a seasoned cyclist or a newbie, this event offers a chance to challenge yourself while soaking in the stunning coastal views. Learn more and register at www.amysgranfondo.org.au.

September 15 ‘What a Wonderful World’ Exhibition

Celebrate the creative spirit of our local artists at the “What a Wonderful World” Exhibition. The doors to this captivating showcase swing open on Friday night, 6-7.30pm, with an engaging opening event. From there, the exhibition will be open daily from 10am to 4pm at the Lorne Community Connect. Immerse yourself in the world of art and explore the talents of our talented local artists.